There are functions for creating little pieces of pipe (primitive plumbing diagrams) and there are functions for putting a small plumbing diagrams together to form big plumbing diagrams.
This situation is exactly analogous to the situation with numbers, where we can make little numbers, and we have functions to put little numbers together to form bigger numbers.
When we calculate with numbers, intermediate results are not displayed. Only when the calculation is finished and the ultimate result is know is that ultimate result printed. Similarly, the intermediate plumbing diagrams are not displayed - rather, only the final result is displayed.
Welcome to MzScheme ... actually MrEd with its editor disabled CS257 Plumbing Graphics 3.0 loaded CS257 Simply Scheme extensions loaded. > (straight 100) #<graphic>
Calling (bend 45) creates a tiny piece of pipe with a 45 degree clockwise bend in it.
> (bend 45)
Invoking (transparent 100) creates a straight but transparent piece of pipe 100 pixels long.
> (transparent 100)
Here is an example
> (straight 100)
> (adjoin (straight 100) (transparent 50) (straight 100))
> (adjoin (straight 100) (bend 45) (straight 50))
There are a few other constructors, but they are used relatively infrequently. The adorn function takes its first argument, and glues the start of each remaining object onto the end of this first object. The resulting object's end is the end of the first argument.
> (adorn (straight 100) (straight 50))
> (adorn (straight 100) (adjoin (bend -90) (straight 50)) (adjoin (bend 45) (straight 100)) (adjoin (bend 120) (straight 50)))
(define rep4 (lambda (g) (adjoin g g g g))) (rep4 (adjoin (straight 100) (bend 90)))
(rep4 (adjoin (rep4 (adjoin (straight 100) (bend 90))) (transparent 110)))
(define rep5 (lambda (g) (adjoin g g g g g))) (rep5 (adjoin (straight (/ 500 5)) (bend (/ 360 5))))
(define rep (lambda (n g) (cond ((= n 0) (adjoin)) ((= n 1) g) ((= n 2) (adjoin g g)) ((= n 3) (adjoin g g g)) ((= n 4) (adjoin g g g g)) ((= n 5) (adjoin g g g g g)) ((= n 6) (adjoin g g g g g g)) ((= n 7) (adjoin g g g g g g g)) ((= n 8) (adjoin g g g g g g g g)) ((= n 9) (adjoin g g g g g g g g g))))) (define poly (lambda (n) (rep n (adjoin (straight (/ 500 n)) (bend (/ 360 n)))))) (poly 3)
(poly 7)
(define rep (lambda (n g) (cond ((= n 0) (adjoin)) ((= n 1) (adjoin g (rep 0 g))) ((= n 2) (adjoin g (rep 1 g))) ((= n 3) (adjoin g (rep 2 g))) ((= n 4) (adjoin g (rep 3 g))) ((= n 5) (adjoin g (rep 4 g))) ((= n 6) (adjoin g (rep 5 g))) ((= n 7) (adjoin g (rep 6 g))) ((= n 8) (adjoin g (rep 7 g))) ((= n 9) (adjoin g (rep 8 g)))))) (poly 6)
(define rep (lambda (n g) (cond ((= n 0) (adjoin)) ((> n 0) (adjoin g (rep (- n 1) g)))))) (poly 50)
(define tree-step (lambda (trunk left-branch right-branch) (adorn trunk (adjoin (bend -20) left-branch) (adjoin (bend 20) right-branch)))) (define tree1 (lambda () (straight 20))) (define tree2 (lambda () (tree-step (straight 30) (tree1) (tree1)))) (define tree3 (lambda () (tree-step (straight 40) (tree2) (tree2)))) (define tree4 (lambda () (tree-step (straight 50) (tree3) (tree3)))) (tree4)
(define tree (lambda (n) (cond ((= n 1) (straight 20)) ((> n 1) (tree-step (straight (+ 10 (* n 10))) (tree (- n 1)) (tree (- n 1))))))) (tree 8)
(define tree-step (lambda (trunk left-branch right-branch) (adorn trunk (adjoin (bend (+ (random 20) -30)) left-branch) (adjoin (bend (+ (random 20) 10)) right-branch)))) (tree 8)Add some randomness to the branch lengths as well:
(define tree (lambda (n) (cond ((= n 1) (straight 20)) ((> n 1) (tree-step (straight (+ 10 (* n (+ 5 (random 5))))) (tree (- n 1)) (tree (- n 1))))))) (tree 9)
(define koch-step (lambda (side angle) (adjoin side (bend (- angle)) side (bend (* 2 angle)) side (bend (- angle)) side))) (koch-step (straight 50) 60)
(define koch (lambda (n len angle) (if (= n 0) (straight len) (koch-step (koch (- n 1) len angle) angle)))) (koch 2 50 60)
(koch 5 1.5 60)
(koch 5 6 80)
(koch 7 1 80)
(rep 3 (adjoin (koch 5 1.5 60) (bend 120)))
function | nicknames | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
straight st, move
| bend | be, turn
| adjoin | adj
| |